Configurable topic rules file mail into Gmail labels on top of the normal triage, for example everything from a clinic under Records/Medical. A more specific rule wins over a catch-all.
A rule can also hold mail for review, so a big-discount offer (say 40% off or more) stays unread until someone sees it instead of being cleared with the rest of the marketing.
Topic rules only ever add a label or hold mail back. They can never cause mail to be marked read.